Finding Aid for the Tilghman Blazer Papers, 1864-1892


MS-2174

University of Tennessee Special Collections Library, Knoxville, TN


Encoded by: Erin Lawrimore, May 10, 2006

Summary Information
Title: Tilghman Blazer Papers

Date/Date Range :   1864-1892

Extent: 0.2 linear feet

Abstract:
The Tilghman Blazer Papers, 1864-1892, contains two notebooks, both of which are in fairly good condition. The first details his military experience as a member of Company K of the 8th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry (Union) in Georgia and Tennessee during 1864, and the second contains classroom rosters and business transactions written after his return to Cocke County, Tenn.

Call number: MS-2174

Repository: University of Tennessee Special Collections Library, Knoxville, TN

Access and Use
Aquisition Information:
Collection was purchased by Special Collections in September 2003.
Access Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Copyright:
The copyright interests in this collection remain with the creator. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library.
Preferred Citation:
[Identification of Item], Tilghman Blazer Papers, MS-2174. University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Special Collections Library.

Arrangement

Collection consists of two folders.


Biography / History

Tilghman Blazer was born on March 13, 1830 in Cocke County, Tennessee. He married Sarah Ann Stuart (November 07, 1830 -- November 28, 1910) on January 01, 1851 when both were 21 years old. They had 8 children: William (born 1852, died 1856), George (born 1853, died 1856), James Anderson (born 1855, died 1912), Mary Jane (born 1855, died 1905), Melvin P. (born 1861, died 1938), Emma Eliza (born 1863, died 1912), T. Sherman (born 1866, died 1868), and Ulysses S. Grant (born 1868, died 1938). Tilghman Blazer worked as a farmer, and his family was relatively well off financially.

Blazer mustered into Company K of the 8th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry Regiment on July 01, 1863, and was promoted to the rank of Sergeant on April 27, 1864. While serving with this unit, he saw heavy action in Tennessee during the fall and winter of 1864. Much of February and March 1865, Blazer was sick with pneumonia at an Alexandria, Virginia hospital. Blazer was discharged from the hospital and mustered out of the army on May 19, 1865.

When the war ended, Tilghman Blazer returned home to his family in Cocke County. There, he farmed and taught school until his death on July 15, 1893. He is buried in the Riedtown Methodist Church Cemetery in Cocke County, Tennessee.


Collection Scope and Content Note

This collection consists of two notebooks that Tilghman Blazer kept between 1864 and 1892. The first, which Blazer kept while serving with the 8th Tennessee Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War, provides an excellent description of military logistics in Tennessee and Georgia. It also includes valuable coverage of such engagements as Duck River, Franklin, and Nashville. The second notebook deals with Blazer's life after returning home. It includes such items as classroom rosters and records of business transactions between Blazer and his neighbors. Both of these notebooks are bound in leather with paper covers, and both are in good condition.

Researchers should note that there seems to be some debate as to the correct spelling of Tilghman Blazer's first name. Variations include Tilmon (listed in the 1870 Cocke County Census) and Tiglhman (listed in the Report of the Adjunct General of the State of Tennessee, where his first and last name are also switched).

Subject Terms

  • Tennessee -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865.
  • Tennessee -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal Narratives.
  • Tennessee -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental Histories.
  • United States. Army. Tennessee Infantry Regiment, 8th (1862-1865).
  • United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Campaigns.
  • United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Regimental Histories.
  • Nashville (Tenn.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865.
Contents List
Box   1     Folder   1    
Notebook, 1864-1892

Scope Note:

1864

  1. April 26: departs from Bulls Gap, TN.
  2. April 28: arrives at Charleston, TN.
  3. May 3: leaves for Cleveland, TN.
  4. May 4: marched 10 miles to Red Clay Depot, Ga.
  5. May 5: troops inactive.
  6. May 6: marched 6 miles toward Tunnel Hill and one mile toward Dalton, Ga.
  7. May 7: witnessed brisk skirmishing.
  8. May 8: inactivity.
  9. May 9: marched four miles and involved in a skirmish.
  10. May 10: skirmishing continues.
  11. ay 11: troop inactivity.
  12. May 12: marched through Tunnel Hill.
  13. May 13: marched near Resaca, Ga.; heard skirmishing and formed a line of battle.
  14. May 14: marched to where "heavy battle was fought."
  15. May 15: marched another day; unit avoided participating in the victory of the 20 corps.
  16. May 16: marched 10 miles while enemy retreated.
  17. May 17: marched 15 miles and crossed a river at night.
  18. May 18: marched 11 miles.
  19. May 19: marched 10 miles.
  20. May 20: marched 8 miles while skirmishing.
  21. May 21: inactive.
  22. May 22: "burnt and foraged" a mill on the Castanota River.
  23. May 23: marched 6 miles.
  24. May 24: captured 23 wagons and burned them.
  25. May 25: marched through mud and encamped on the battleground of the 24th.
  26. May 26: marching.
  27. May 27: stayed encamped behind breastworks all day.
  28. May 28: "heavy skirmishing" and "enemy shelling."
  29. May 29: more fighting at the "7 Days Breastworks"
  30. May 30: repulses enemy charge, in Paulding County, Georgia.
  31. May 31: repulses two night charges.
  32. June 1-7: night march for one mile; charged and took two enemy breastworks; captured prisoners; barely avoids an artillery shell; rainy marches; engaged "bushwacking Rebels" and found retreating Rebels dead and wounded; guarded ammunition train.
  33. June 8-15: days of inactivity; writes letters home; receives news of captured rebels in Greenville, TN; rainy weather; claims Confederate Joe Johnson was arrested for retreating; writes of Confederate General Polk's death; cannonading and musketry all night long on the 15th.
  34. June 16-23: writes of enemy's retreat and the advance of Union forces; describes the death of Union soldiers; heavy battle on the 22nd, when Union troops built breastworks afterward and "tore down Negro houses;" more skirmishing.
  35. June 24-30: expecting attack on 24th; Hooker's men burn 69 dead Rebels; men prepare for another battle with "bullets flying all around;" soldiers tired from building fortifications all day.
  36. July 1-7: expecting another attack; marching toward Atlanta and finding evacuated entrenchments.
  37. July 8-15: crossed Chattahoochie River; Rebel gun captured; men built a pontoon bridge in two days; served picket duty on a bluff; played in the river.
  38. July 16-23: change of command; night marching; capture of Decatur, Ga.; heavy skirmishing all day (20th); Confederates constantly retreating; can see Atlanta from a tree limb on the 21st; the closer to Atlanta the more bullets fly around Blazer; regiment ordered to recapture Decatur, Ga.
  39. July 24-31: mentions the cavalry raids that destroyed Georgia's crops; estimates damage at $30 million; heavy skirmishing and cannonading near Atlanta for several days.
  40. August 1-7: on the 1st, heard a heavy battle; marched and built more earthworks where he eventually experienced heavy skirmishing and cannonading, approximately 100 shots in four minutes; his regiment, 8th Tenn. Lost 83 men in a charge on the 6th; wounded lied in a field all night during a rainstorm; mentions amputations and deaths of friends.
  41. August 8-15: skirmished on the 8th and 9th; captured Confederate cannon; camped in one place until the 16th.
  42. August 16-23: constant marching and foraging.
  43. August 24-31: sick for a few days; occasional skirmishing; almost captured a train; bought honey, sugar, and corn cakes.
  44. September 1-7: destroyed railroads while marching toward Macon; capture of Atlanta; Battle of Jonesborough; heavy rain fell on the enemy's abandoned dead and wounded; unpleasant marching back to Atlanta in mud and rain; heard of Confederate John Morgan's death.
  45. September 8-15: marched triumphantly through Decatur, Ga.; inactive until the 15th.
  46. September 16-23: marched a little; inactive until the 25th.
  47. September 24-30: does very little in camp; relates news of Union victories in other theaters of war.
  48. October 1-7: saw a horse race; did little until crossing the Chattahoochie on the 4th; while troops waited for a train, Blazer climbed to an overlook and was in awe by the sight of the bending river, marching troops, and rolling wagons; marching while dodging cannon fire.
  49. October 8-15: regrets seeing the horrible sight of amputated limbs on the ground; marching every day; camped near Rome, Ga.; fought Rebels near the Alabama line; comments on the poor condition of Confederate horses.
  50. October 16-23: while Union troops marched, the Rebels harassed them occasionally; band played songs of Alabama when the 8th crossed into the state; did little on the 22nd and 23rd.
  51. October 24-31: marched further into Alabama but turned back to Georgia; mailed letters home and ate Georgia apricots.
  52. November 1-7: marched to and passed Dalton, Ga.; tore down houses for firewood; days of inactivity; took a train to Chattanooga; enjoyed eating pies; took another train to Nashville.
  53. November 8-15: enjoyed himself in Nashville; comments on the selling of goods, the weather, and the ladies of the city; took a train to Franklin; traveled by train to Spring Hill; soldiers had some "good turns by a Lady;" received letters from home; marched to Columbia; comments on the burnt conditions of Linville; marched to Pulaski.
  54. November 16-23: stayed in Pulaski until the 22nd, when troops marched to Nashville; marched without food to Columbia.
  55. November 24-30: enemy tries to cut off the rear flank as they march to Columbia; prepare for battle on the 25th; crossed a river and made a defense at a "ford" to prevent Confederates from building a pontoon bridge; shelled Confederates; loss of sleep; under constant shelling from enemy; traveled quickly to Franklin and prepared for battle; good description of the Battle of Duck River; Confederates charged seven times - "a most desperate slaughter;" the 8th Tenn. captured Confederate prisoners and flags.
  56. December 1-15: scenes after the battle of Franklin; need for rest; describes Hood's attempt to capture Nashville; a detailed description of the capture of a Confederate "fort" on the 15th; chasing retreating rebels, who formed a line of battle; description of how both sides prepare for another engagement.
  57. December 16-31: a battle on the 16th; both sides firing away at close range; Union artillery was the deciding factor of the battle; Confederates retreat after an impressive Union charge; Union forces capture many Confederates; marched with difficulty in muddy conditions after the battle; stopped at a train on Franklin Pike to get rations; marched to Franklin, then Spring Hill; comments on battlefields; marched to Columbia; reports the number of prisoners in recent battles; camped near Columbia until January 2, 1865.
  1. January 1-7: marching in very cold weather; crossed Tennessee and [Buffalan ? River]; marched near coaling grounds near Tennessee Iron Works; snow made marching difficult.
  2. January 8-15: inactive at camp for days; unloaded a steamboat in the Tennessee River; camped by river until the 16th.
  3. January 16-23: traveled on a steamboat which comprised a flotilla of 14 vessels (one gunboat); traveled by Paduccah, Louisville, and finally unloaded in Cincinnatti, where troops traveled by rail to Columbus, Ohio; snow was everywhere in Ohio; traveled by train through Virginia and arrived at Cumberland City, Pennsylvania on the 23rd.
  4. January 24-Feb 1: traveled by train to Alexandria, Virginia; on the 26th, Blazer was taken to a hospital in Washngton, D. C., where he stayed until Feb. 1.
  5. February: 23rd corps left Alexandria on the 4th. [No more entries for Feb.]
  6. March: list of gold prices.
  7. April: list of gold prices. [Entries are not in chronological order.] Records news of battles and surrender in and near Mobile, Ala, Montgomery, Ala., and Macon, Ga.; General Lee's surrender; President Lincoln's death; capture of John Wilkes Booth; General Johnson's surrender in North Carolina; and the honorable discharge of all wounded soldiers.
  8. May: Records news of more Confederate surrenders, cessation of transportation for refugees, Lincoln's funeral, announcement of reward for the capture of Jefferson Davis, capture of Davis; writes verses of a gospel song; describes journey back home.
  9. June: records cost of traveling back home from Washington, D. C. to Greeneville, TN.

1869-1892: [Entries are not in chronological order.] Inventory of crops and fruit trees; record of sowing and harvest dates; record of pension application process; record of receipts; record of doctor visits.

Box   1     Folder   2    
Notebook, 1878-1887

Scope Note:

Classroom roster: 1878-1879, 1882

Business ledger (Blazer's crop and livestock purchases from and sales to his neighbors): 1879-1887